Соперничество между Airbus и Boeing в мировой авиации

The competition between Airbus and Boeing has been characterized as a duopoly [1 ] in the large jet airliner market since the 1990s. В черновике отмечается, что the duopoly resulted from a series of mergers within the global aerospace industry, with Airbus beginning as a pan-European consortium while the American Boeing absorbed its former arch-rival, McDonnell Douglas, in 1997. В этот период other manufacturers, such as Lockheed Martin and Convair in the United States, and Fokker in Europe, were no longer able to compete and effectively withdrew from this market. British Aerospace (now BAE Systems) joined the consortium in 1979.

Рыночные показатели и конкуренция

Анализ данных показывает, что in the 10 years from 2015 to 2024, Airbus received orders for 8,950 aircraft and delivered 7,043, while Boeing received net orders for 5,012 aircraft and delivered 5,312. В 2019 году произошли значимые изменения: Airbus displaced Boeing as the largest aerospace company by revenue. В октябре того же года the A320 family became the highest-selling airliner family with 15,193 orders, surpassing the Boeing 737's total of 15,136. Кроме того, in 2023, the number of Airbus aircraft in service surpassed Boeing for the first time.

Характеристики узкофюзеляжных и широкофюзеляжных самолетов

Airbus and Boeing have wide product ranges, including single-aisle and wide-body aircraft, covering a variety of combinations of capacity and range. Ниже представлены ключевые параметры моделей:

• Airbus A220-100: 100–120 pax, Range 3,600 nmi (6,700 km), US$79.5M.
• Airbus A320neo: 150–180 pax, Range 3,400 nmi (6,300 km), US$110.6M.
• Boeing 737 MAX-8: 162–178 pax, Range 3,500 nmi (6,500 km), US$117.1M.
• Boeing 737 MAX-10: 188–204 pax, Range 3,100 nmi (5,700 km), US$129.9M.
• Airbus A321XLR: 206–220 pax, Range 4,700 nmi (8,700 km).
• Boeing 787-8: 248 pax, Range 7,305 nmi (13,529 km), US$239.0M.
• Airbus A350-1000: 350-410 pax, Range 9,000 nmi (17,000 km), US$366.5M.
• Airbus A380: 575 pax, Range 8,000 nmi (15,000 km), US$445.6M.

Влияние внешних факторов на эксплуатацию

Проблемы с безопасностью также влияют на рынок: the grounding of Boeing Co.’s 737 Max narrow-body jet has led Middle Eastern airline Emirates to divert normally globe-trotting Airbus SE A380 superjumbos onto 40-minute trips to replace lost capacity. В частности, Emirates is using the double-deckers for flights from Dubai to Oman, which at 211 miles are the shortest anywhere with the model, after sister carrier FlyDubai reduced services following the idling of its 14-strong Max fleet. В то же время even in the 21st century there have been attempts to challenge the duopoly, например, by Bombardier, which ended with its C-Series being acquired by Airbus and renamed the Airbus A220.